Osteochondrosis is a disease caused by degenerative-dystrophic changes in the vertebrae, intervertebral disks and ligaments. People after 30 years are most susceptible to the disease, but the beginning manifestations of the disease can be shown in adolescence.
80-90% of the population faces this disorder.
Symptoms of the disease
Depending on the location of the pathological focus, 3 forms of the disease are separated:
- Osteochondrosis in the cervical region
- Osteocondrosis in the Thorax region
- Osteocondrosis in the lumbar area
With damage to the spine of the cervix, the patient's complaints are associated with inadequate nutrition of the brain due to pressing blood vessels. The most common complaint is severe headache and dizziness. In addition, patients are concerned:
- Blood pressure advice
- Disorders of coordination of movements and gait shaking
- Decrease in visual acuity;
- Hearing of deterioration, rings in the ears
- Hesed or Hesed
- A snoring in a dream is a sign of constant tension of the neck muscles.
When you compress nerves, numbness and cooling of your fingers, weakness occurs in the limbs.
If the nerves are offended, severe pain in the neck, scalp pain, sore throat, teeth. The pain extends to the shoulders and limb.
The symptom of osteocondrosis in the thorax region is also pain - intercostal neuralgia. The pain is due to the compression of the nerve roots. The pain in the chest is acute, intensifies with cough, inspiration, laughter as he moves.
Pain for osteocondrosis in the thoracic region can simulate other diseases, such as heart pain, abdominal pain.
Lumbar osteochondrosis most often affects people who have a sedentary job. It is characterized by pain in the crucifixion given to the back and leg. With violation of nerves, numbness and cooling of the legs is loss of sensitivity, incontinence of faeces and urine possible.
The causes of the disease
The disease is considered polyetiological, that is, many factors contribute to the disease. The most common:
- Strong daily load on the spine
- Spinal cord injuries
- Metabolic disorders
- Overweight
- Curvature of the spine
- Hereditary factor
- The process of natural aging of the body.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis consists of several phases.
Collection of the Anamnesis of the Disease and Life
The doctor asks the patient's questions about finding out:
- Complaints
- Location of pain and discomfort
- When the first symptoms appeared
- Which providers the appearance and increased pain.
- Which helps relieve the condition.
It is important to find out the patient's working conditions, bad habits than were sick throughout his life, whether there were bruises and injuries on the spine, whether one of the closest relatives of osteocondrosis has.
Inspection and palpation
When examining, the doctor refers to the position of the body and attitude, the symmetry of the back and neck, determines the amount of movements in the back, detecting painful areas, evaluating muscle tone, determining the presence of pain radiation, controlling sensitivity.
X -Ray study
Radiography of the spine is performed in two oblique projections in direct and lateral for greater information. Sometimes an X-ray research is required with functional samples, flexion, expansion position.
Computed tomography
CT is a study that allows you to more clearly consider the bodies of the vertebrae, ligaments, blood vessels and soft tissues. A picture of one or more spine is performed. CT allows you to determine the compression of nerves, tears and hernia of the intervertebral disks, their height, changes in the solid brain membrane, the vertability of the vertebrae.
Magnetic resonance treatment
MRI is used to diagnose osteocondrosis with clear visualization of blood vessels, nerve processes, intervertebral disks.
Complications
Osteochondrosis is a disease with not only the back, as is often assumed. It affects blood vessels, nerves, muscles. Osteochondrosis provokes the development of a number of related diseases, including:
- Migraine
- Vision and consultation deterioration
- Intervertebral hernias
- Schmorl's nodes
- Radiculitis
- Lumbago
- Sciatica
- Spondilasis, spondy arthrosis and others.
Treatment of the disease
Treat osteocondrosis conservatively in severe cases - immediately.
Conservative treatment includes a whole complex of therapeutic procedures: massage, physical therapy exercises, physiotherapy, manual therapy, reflexology, spinal cord and drug treatment.
Medicines Medicine is prescribed during worsening, helps relieve pain, inflammation and normalization of metabolic processes.
Risk group
The risk group for osteocondrosis includes:
- People who lead a sedentary lifestyle with a sedentary work or spend a lot of time driving or on a computer
- People whose work or hobby is associated with weightlifting
- People with an excess body mass
- Pregnant
- Women who wear high heels.
Prevention
For the prevention of osteocondrosis, it is important to follow the rules:
- Overload not the spine, restrict vertical loads
- Do charging, strengthens the spinal cord muscles, ÆL them
- Don't
- Avoid damage and bruises in the spine
- Do not use weights
- Change the body's position with a long seated load and driving.
Diet and lifestyle
Diet for osteocondrosis does not have strict limitations, it can be attributed to proper nutrition. It is necessary to limit salt and sugar. The most important thing is that the food corresponds to energy costs. If there is overweight, it is necessary to reduce the consumption of sweets and easily absorbed carbohydrates. Replace coffee with tea, sweets - dried fruits.
Every day, perform exercises that include: sipping, squats, tilting to the sides, turns in the body, running, walking, swinging legs forward, to the side and back.
It is preferably on a solid surface to sleep with osteocondrosis.
During a long sitting work, stretch out and turn your body every 20-30 minutes. With prolonged status, it is important to change the support point from one leg to the other.
If you need to wear heaviness, you can distribute the weight of each hand you can use a backpack with wide straps.
Symptoms
- Headache
- Hes voice
- Urinary incontinence
- Fuzzy Vision
- Wearing weakening
- Shark time
- Snore